Новости и политика

Mã He2022 giảm giá 150k cho vé bay đôi dù lượn tại duluon.org

Главная
Статьи

COVID-19, une leçon de géopolitique #09 - Trump face au virus - Le Dessous des cartes | ARTE Thủy Cute 12 Просмотры • 4 лет тому назад

États-Unis, la campagne présidentielle à l’heure du Covid-19.
Après l’Asie puis l’Europe, les États-Unis sont à leur tour le centre de gravité de l’épidémie de Covid-19 qui touche actuellement la planète. Depuis la fin du mois du mars, le nombre de cas recensés sur le territoire américain a connu une croissance exponentielle et le pays compte aujourd’hui (6 mai 2020) plus de 71 000 décès liés au coronavirus. C’est dans ce contexte que le pays se prépare pour les prochaines élections présidentielles qui doivent se tenir à partir du 3 novembre 2020.
Une situation inédite pour la vieille démocratie américaine. Le président sortant Donald Trump devrait y être opposé au candidat démocrate Joe Biden. Mais comment mener une campagne politique en période d’épidémie et alors que les gestes barrières devront être respectés ? Est-ce que Donald Trump va être pénalisé par sa gestion chaotique de la crise du coronavirus ?
Rachel Donadio, journaliste américaine pour le mensuel "The Atlantic", répond à toutes nos questions concernant ce scrutin aux enjeux déterminants.

#TrumpCoronavirus #Covid-19 #EtatsUnisCovid

La pandémie du coronavirus nous fait prendre conscience, comme jamais, de notre appartenance au « village global » et de nos interdépendances : désormais, Londres regarde Paris, qui regarde Milan, qui regarde Pékin, pour savoir à quoi va ressembler le jour d’après. En parallèle, les pays ne vivent pas tous la pandémie de la même manière, parce que les mesures politiques prises ne sont pas exactement les mêmes d’un État à l’autre, parce que la géographie du pays a des incidences sur les modalités de contamination, ou encore parce que les modes de vie, les pratiques culturelles diffèrent.
Profitons-en pour améliorer notre connaissance du monde, réviser aussi nos fondamentaux : et si le COVID-19 nous invitait à changer d’échelle ?

« COVID-19, une leçon de géopolitique » : un nouveau format mêlant cartes, extraits du « Dessous des cartes », entretiens par Skype. Le principe : zoom sur un pays, son approche spécifique de la pandémie, et ce qu’il faut savoir des fondamentaux de son Histoire, sa géographie. Le tout réalisé avec les moyens du bord, car toute l’équipe du DDC est en télétravail : bref, une « géopolitique du confinement ».

Abonnez-vous à notre chaîne ! http://bit.ly/DDC_YouTube
Retrouvez également Le Dessous des cartes sur Facebook.
https://www.facebook.com/LeDessousDesCartes/

Retrouvez toutes les émissions d'Émilie Aubry en VOD : http://bit.ly/DDC_VOD.
Découvrez les atlas et l’intégrale des émissions de Jean-Christophe Victor (VOD et DVD) sur la boutique d’ARTE. http://bit.ly/DDC_Boutique

Interview et réalisation : Émilie Aubry
Assistée de : Pierre Simon
Montage : Juliette Droillard
Étalonnage : Alexandre Sadowsky
Mixage : Simon Dubois
Production : Angèle Le Névé
ARTE France - Avril 2020

What Doctors Are Learning From Autopsy Findings of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients Thủy Cute 1,218 Просмотры • 4 лет тому назад

What Doctors Are Learning From Autopsy Findings of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients

Once the SARS-CoV-2 virus is deeply embedded in the body, it begins to cause more severe disease. This is where direct attack on other organs that have ACE2 receptors can occur, including heart muscle, kidneys, blood vessels, liver, and the brain. Early findings, including those from multiple autopsy and biopsy reports, show that viral particles can be found not only in the nasal passages and throat, but also in tears, stool, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and heart. One case report found evidence of viral particles in the CSF, meaning the fluid around the brain. That patient had meningitis.

So the virus is sometimes going to all these different organs by means of attaching to the ACE2 receptors that are there, but that’s not even the whole story.

Because in some cases, by the time the body’s immune system figures out the body is being invaded, its like unleashing the military to stomp out the virus, and in that process, there’s a ton of collateral damage. This, is what we refer to as the cytokine storm. When the virus gets into the alveolar cells, meaning the tiny little air sacs within the lungs, it makes a ton of copies of itself, and goes onto invade more cells. The alveoli’s next door neighbor is guess who, yeah, the tiniest blood vessels in our body, capillaries. And the lining of those capillaries is called endothelium, which also have ACE2 receptors. And once the virus invades the capillaries. It means that it serves as the trigger for the onslaught of inflammation AND clotting. And Early autopsy results are also showing widely scattered clots in multiple organs. In one study from the Netherlands, 1/3rd of hospitalized with COVID-19 got clots despite already being on prophylactic doses of blood thinners. So not only are you getting the inflammation with the cytokine storm, but you’re also forming blood clots, that can travel to other parts of the body, and cause major blockages, effectively damaging those organs.

So wait a minute doc, you’re telling me that this can cause organ damage by
1) Directly attacking organs by their ACE2 receptor? Yup
2) Indirectly attacking organs by way of collateral damage from the cytokine storm? Yup
3) Indirectly cause damage to organs by means of blood clots? yup
4) Indirectly casue damage as a result of low oxygen levels, improper ventilator settings, drug treatments themselves, and/or all of these things combined? Yeah

Endothelial cells are more vulnerable to dying in people with preexisting endothelial dysfunction, which is more often associated with being a male, being a smoker, having high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. Blood clots can form and/or travel to other parts of the body. When blood clots travel to the toes, and cause blockages in blood flow there, meaning ischemia or infarction, that can cause gangrene there. And lots of times patients with gangrene require amputation, and “COVID toes”

So is antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), the cause of all these blood clots in patients with severe COVID? Maybe. Some patients with APS have what’s called catastrophic APS, where these patients can have strokes, seizures, heart attacks, kidney failure, ARDS, skin changes like the ones I mentioned. Viral infectious diseases, particularly those of the respiratory tract, have been reported as being the triggers for CAPS. The pathogenesis is complex and may involve the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which triggers a cytokine storm, followed by alterations to the endothelium of lung capillaries, which serves as the trigger for inducing the clotting storm.

Various factors increase the risk of developing arterial thrombosis. Classically, the cardiovascular-dependent risk factors implicated in clotting have been hypertension, meaning high blood pressure, high levels of cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, age, chemotherapy, and degree of infection. All of these contribute toward developing arterial thrombosis.

A lot of patients with severe COVID-19 have certain labs that resemble DIC, such as increased PT/INR, increased PTT, decreased levels of platelets. But the reason why these COVID patients who developed clots in the study I mentioned earlier, the reason why they don’t have DIC, is actually 2 reasons, one, they weren’t having extensive bleeding, and two, they did not have low fibrinogen levels. And if its truly DIC, you would have both of those things.

Anyway, you can probably glean from this video why its so hard for doctors to figure out what is going on with this virus. Between the variable ways this disease can present in different patients, and the different ways that organs can suffer damage, yeah, this is really, really really, complicated.

Showing 74 out of 74

Обратите внимание, что если вам не исполнилось 18 лет, вы не сможете получить доступ к этому сайту.

Новости и политика

язык